JALIL MAMMADGULUZADE'S LANGUAGE VIEWS AND LANGUAGE DISCUSSIONS AT THE 1ST TURCOLOGY CONGRESS: HISTORICAL AND LITERARY PARALLELS

This article analyzes the significance of the First International Turkological Congress held in Baku in 1926 in the context of the development of the Azerbaijani literary language, with particular emphasis on the reflection of the Congress’s key issues-alphabet, orthography, and terminology in the works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh. The study demonstrates that language-related issues occupied a central place in Azerbaijani public and intellectual discourse in the early twentieth century, while alphabet reform was regarded as a decisive factor in promoting mass literacy and national awakening.

Based on Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s articles, feuilletons, and literary works published in “Molla Nasreddin” and other periodicals, the article explores his struggle for the purity of the mother tongue, the stabilization of spelling and pronunciation norms, and the creation of a literary language grounded in the spoken language of the people and free from excessive Arabic and Persian influences. Particular attention is given to the work “My Mother’s Book”, which artistically exposes the social essence of language and the destructive impact of foreign linguistic influences through symbolic imagery.

The article concludes that Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s views on language reform and alphabet issues are ideologically aligned with the principles of the First Turkological Congress and remain relevant today in the context of Azerbaijan’s language policy and the preservation of national and spiritual values.